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Syllabus of M.Sc In Anesthesia and Operation Theatre Technology ( MOTT )

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ANJU HATTI OT TECHNOLOGIST
Anju Hatti Student of  M.Sc  In  Anesthesia and Operation Theatre Technology ( MOTT )

FIRST YEAR


 PAPER 1:- BASIC HUMAN ANATOMY, PHYSIOLOGY& BIOCHEMISTRY ANATOMY

Total number of lectures - 10

Introduction: Overview of the structure organization of the human body.

Cardiovascular System:  Macroscopic features, function and location of the
adult and fetal heart and the location of major arteries and veins; macroscopic
features of blood vessels including arteries, veins and capillaries;
morphological features of cellular components of blood.

Nervous System: Macroscopic features and major functions of the brain and
spinal cord; morphological features and major functions of the contents of
peripheral nervous system and autonomic nervous system.

Respiratory System: Macroscopic features and major functions of the nasal
cavity, paranasal sinuses, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs and thoracic
wall including the thoraco-abdominal diaphragm; general microscopic
anatomy of the epithelium of the respiratory tract and the lungs.

Digestive System: Macroscopic features and major functions of the mouth,
salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, liver,
pancreas, biliary system and peritoneal cavity; general microscopic anatomy
of the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, pancreas and liver.

Urinary System: Macroscopic features, major functions and location of the
kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and the urethra; microscopic anatomy of the
kidney.

Endocrine System: Macroscopic features, location and basic function of the
hypophysis cerebri, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, suprarenal glands, pineal
gland and organs with a minor endocrine function; microscopic anatomy of
the hypophysis cerebri, thyroid gland, bulbourethral glands.

Special Senses: Macroscopic features, major functions of the contents of the
orbital cavity, the eyeball, lacrimal apparatus and external, middle, and
internal ear; microscopic anatomy of the photosensitive retina.

Head and Neck: Relevant osteology of the skull and cervical vertebrae;
surface anatomy, lymphatics, major blood vessels and nerves of the head and
neck; regional anatomy of the brain and its meninges; axial, coronal and
sagittal sectional anatomy of the head and axial sectional anatomy of the neck;
plain radiographic anatomy, CT, MRI and angiography of head and neck.


PHYSIOLOGY

Total number of lectures - 10

1. General Physiology: Structure of cell membrane. Transport across cell

membrane and Homeostasis (only short notes)

2. Blood: ABO System & mismatch transfusion. WBC, plasma proteins,

erythrocytes, hemoglobin. Normal values of blood (composition &

function).

3. Nerve

i. Structure, classification & properties

ii. R.M.P.

iii. Action potential

iv. Propagation of nerve impulse

v. Degeneration & regeneration

vi. Reaction of degeneration (retrograde)

4. Muscle

i. Structure, properties, classification, excitation contraction

coupling

ii. Motor unit, EMG, factors affecting muscle transmission

iii. Neuro muscular transmission

5. CNS & PNS

i. Receptor physiology, classification & properties

ii. Synapse structure, properties & transmission

iii. Reflexes structure, properties and transmission

iv. Sensory& Motor Tracts effect of transection ( Complete &

Incomplete) at various levels

v. Physiology of touch, pain, temperature & proprioception

vi. Physiology of muscle tone (muscle spindle); Stretch

vii. Vestibular Apparatus mainly otolith organ anatomy

viii. Function of basal ganglia, thalamus and hypothalamus

ix. Pre-frontal lobes, PAS

x. Sensory and motor cortex

xi. Limbic system

xii. Learning, memory & condition reflex

xiii. Physiology of voluntary movement

6. Excretory System

i. Kidneys (short note) structure and function

ii. Urine formation

iii. Micturition- neural control, neurogenic bladder

iv. Temperature Regulation

 Circulation of the skin body fluid electrolyte balance

v. Endocrine

 Secretion, regulation & function of pituitary-thyroidparathyroid pancreas

7. Respiratory System

i. Introduction, general organization

ii. Mechanics of respiration

iii. Pulmonary volumes & capacities

iv. Anatomical & physiological dead space, ventilation-perfusion

ratio, alveolar ventilation

v. Transport of respiratory gases

vi. Nervous & chemical control of respiration

vii. Pulmonary function tests, direct and indirect method of

measurement

viii. Physiological changes with altitude and acclimatization

8. Cardiovascular System

i. Structure and properties of cardiac muscle

ii. Cardiac cycle

iii. Heart rate regulation – factors affecting

iv. Blood pressure – regulation – factors affecting

v. Cardiac output – regulation and function affecting

vi. Peripheral resistance , venous return

vii. Regional circulation – coronary – muscular,cerebral

viii. Normal ECG

9. Exercise physiology

i. Effect of acute and chronic exercise

ii. O2/CO2 transport –O2 debt

iii. Effects of exercise on muscle strength,power , endurance, BMR

,R.Q.- hormonal and metabolic effects –respiratory and cardiac

conditioning

iv. Ageing

v. Training- fatigue and recovery

vi. Fitness – related to age, gender & body type

10. ANS

Sympathetic /parasympathetic system – adrenal medulla – functions -

neurotransmitters –role in function of pelvic floor (micturition,

defecation and labor)

BIOCHEMISTRY

Total number of lectures - 05

1. Specimen collection of 

1. blood, urine, CSF and other body fluids.
 2.Basic principles of routine biochemical investigations. 
3. LFTs and their assessment. 
4. RFTs and their assessment. 
5. Cardiac profile –biochemical markers of MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION, basic
principles, evaluation and application. 
6. Enzymes – definition general classification, clinical and therapeutic significance of enzymes. 
7. Basic chemistry, evaluation and application of lipids, lipoproteins,
significance of enzymes. 
8. Nutrition – nutrient requirement, nutrition support with special emphasis on parenteral nutrition and nutritional  relationship 
9. Basic principles & estimation of electrolytes

2. Bioenergetics entropy, enthalpy and their basic introduction Concept of free energy, thermodynamics 1st and 2nd law

3. Regulations and precautions regarding transport of biological specimens

4. Biomedical waste disposal

5. Electrolytes ,pH & buffers – pH meter, pH measurement, buffers,  biological buffers

6. Radioactivity: radioisotopes, ionizing radiations, measurement of radioactivity,

PRACTICAL: - On above theory paper.




PAPER 2:- BASIC MICROBIOLOGY, PATHOLOGY &TERMINOLOGY

GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY

Total number of lectures - 05

I. Introduction, history and scope of microbiology contribution of Anatomy Von Leeuwenhoek, Louis Pasteur, Alexander Fleming in development of

Microbiology
Morphology and ultrastructure of bacteria, cell wall of eubacteria, composition
and properties and endospore formation

II. Bacterial nutrition: nutritional groups, common nutritional requirements,
growth factors. Bacterial reproduction: binary fission

III. Bacterial growth curve, generation time, growth kinetics- synchronous, batch
and continuous cultures measurement of growth and factors affecting growth.

IV. Physical methods of microorganism: heat, filtration and radiation. Sterilization
with soaps, detergents and dyes.
Chemical control of microorganisms: halogens, phenol and phenolic
compounds, heavy metals, alcohols, ethylene oxide, aldehydes and hydrogen
peroxide.

V. Basic of microbial classification: classification and salient features of bacteria.

VI. Hospital acquired infections: causative agents, transmission methods,
investigation prevention and control of hospital infections
Principles and practice of biomedical waste management.


PATHOLOGY & TERMINOLOGY


Total number of lectures - 20
Introductory pathology: Cellular adaptation and cell death; inflammation and
repair, infection, circulatory disorders, immune defense, genetics of disease,
neoplasia, cell injury and adaptation: atrophy, hypertrophy, metaplasia, hyperplasia,
classification of tumors, premalignant lesions, types of inflammation and system
manifestations of inflammation disorders of vascular flow and shock(brief
introduction), edema, hyperemia or congestion, thrombosis, embolism, infarction,
shock, ischemia, over hydration, dehydration. The response to infection, categories of
infectious agents, host barriers to infections, how disease is caused, inflammatory
diseases, inflammatory response to infectious agents, hematopoietic and lymphoid
system: hemorrhage, various types of anemia, leucopenia, leukocytosis, bleeding
disorders, coagulation mechanism.
Fundamentals of medical terminology:
 Word roots
 Prefix
 Suffix
 Abbreviations and symbols
Common disease and procedures:
 Gastrointestinal
 Cholecystitis

 Cholelithiasis
 Appendicitis
 Intestinal obstruction
 Hernia
 Peritonitis
Gastroscopy: Endoscopy, Laparotomy, Laparoscopy
Common disease and procedures
 Respiratory
 Tuberculosis
 Bronchial asthma
 Respiratory failure
 Pulmonary embolism
 Pneumonia
Bronchoscope, pulmonary function tests, cardiopulmonary resuscitation
 Circulatory
 Hypertension
 Coronary artery disease
 Arrhythmias
 Cardiac arrest
 Shock
 Deep vein thrombosis
 ECG, 2D ECHO, Cardiogram, Coronary angiography, cardiac catheterization,
stress test, pacemaker
Nervous
 Stroke
 Brain tumor
 Brain injuries
 Spinal cord injuries
 Lumbar puncture
 Myelography, CT scan, MRI, EEG, ENG
CVS
 Atherosclerosis: definition, risk factors, brief pathology and
morphology, clinical significance and prevention
 Hypertension: definition, types and brief pathogenesis, and effects of
hypertension
 Pathophysiology of heart failure
 Ischemic heart disease: definition, types, brief pathophysiology,
pathology and complications
 Valvular heart disease: causes, pathology and complications
 Congenital heart disease: brief about pathogenesis and basic effects
 Anemia: definition, morphological types and diagnosis of anemia,
brief concept of hemolytic anemia and polycythemia
 Leucocyte disorders: leukemia, leukocytosis, agranulocytosis, etc.
 Bleeding disorders: definition, classification, causes and effects of
important types of bleeding disorders, briefly various lab tests used to
diagnose bleeding disorders
Respiratory system
 COPD: definition and types, brief concept about obstructive vs
restrictive pulmonary disease
 Pulmonary congestion and edema
 Pleural effusion: causes, effects and diagnosis
Renal system
 Clinical manifestation of renal disease, brief causes, mechanism,
effects and lab diagnosis of ARF and CRF, brief glomerulonephritis
and pyelonephritis
 Brief concept about obstructive uropathy
PRATICAL: - On above theory paper

PAPER 3:- SURGICAL EQUIPEMENTS, ANESTHESIA ADVANCED
INSTRUMENTATION AND TECHNIQUE RELATED TO OT

 Total number of lectures – 10

(i) Surgical Equipment’s

Total number of lectures - 04

THEORY
1. Storing sterilization and disinfections in OT
2. General Surgical Principles and instruments: the surgical patient operation room
technique
3. Instrument used for preparing surgical Cheatles forceps, Rampley sponge holding
forceps, Mayo’s towel clip, Esmarch bandage, simple tourniquet, Pneumatic
tourniquet.
Incision making method and instruments: Bard parker knife handle, major abdominal
incision artery forceps and their types instruments used in homeostasis, Kocher’s forceps,
electric cautery, Retractor: Single hook retractor, Czerny’s retractor, nerve hook retractor,
Morris retractor, Deaver’s retractor.
4. Care and washing sterilization and maintenance of endoscopic instruments,
laparoscopic instruments, orthopedic power instruments, advanced OT tables and
their attachments.
5. Types settings and use of: Image intensifier portable X-Ray machine, cautery
machine, suction machine, pulse oximeter, cardiac monitor
6. Wound management: scissors and its types, sucking material and techniques,
disinfectants and irritant dressing procedures, different types of bandages, surgical
needle and needle holders, various types of suture material

PRATICAL:

To understand various types of use preanesthetic and other groups of drugs.
 Boyle’s machine and its functioning
 Boyle’s vaporizer
 Various breathing circuits Magill’s, Bain’s, pediatrics (Eyre’s T-piece)
 Gas cylinder and flowmeter
 Carbon dioxide absorption system
 Suction apparatus , food operated, electric operated
 AMBU bags, laryngoscope, ET tubes
 Catheters, face mask, venturi mask
 Identification and demonstration of working of the equipment
 Fumigation
 Cleaning and disinfection of articles
 Packing articles for sterilization
 Sterilization of equipments
 Care sterilization and lubrication of: Orthopedic power instruments
 Setting up table for various surgeries
 Scrubbing, gloving and gowning
 Handling of image intensifier and portable OT machine, cautery machine, types
settings and uses
 Positioning of orthopedic patients and other surgeries
 Advanced OT tables and their attachments as well as their maintenance
 Assisting with anesthesiologist
Observing and monitoring patient in recovery room
 Terminal disinfection
 Care washing sterilization and maintenance of endoscopic instruments, laparoscopic
instruments, orthopedic power instruments, advanced OT tables and their attachments
 Types settings and use of: Image intensifier, portable X-Ray machine, cautery
machine, suction machine, pulse oximeter, cardiac monitor
 Wound management: scissors and its types, sucking material and techniques,
disinfectants and irritant dressing procedures, different types of bandages, surgical
needle and needle holders, various types of suture material

(ii) Anesthesia advanced instrumentation and technique

Total number of lectures - 06

Theory
1. Storing sterilization and disinfections in OT
2. General surgical principles and instruments: the surgical patient, operation room
technique
3. Instrument used for preparing surgical Cheatle’s forceps, Rampley sponge holding
forceps, Mayo’s towel clip, Esmarc bandage, simple tourniquet, pneumatic tourniquet,
incision making method and instruments: Bard parker knife handle, major abdominal
incision, artery forceps and their types, instruments used in hemostasis, Kocher’s
forceps, elastic cautery, retractor: single hook retractor, Czerny retractor, nerve hook
retractor, Morris retractors, deaver’s retractor
4. Care and washing sterilization and maintenance of endoscopic instruments,
laparoscopic instruments, orthopedic power instruments, advanced OT tables and
their attachment
5. Types settings and use of: Image intensifier portable X-Ray machine, cautery
machine, suction machine, pulse oximeter, cardiac monitor
6. Wound management: scissors and its types, sucking material and techniques,
disinfectants and irritant dressing procedures, different types of bandages, surgical
needle and needle holders, various types of suture material.
PRATICAL:
Objective: Student should be able to:
1. Understand the role of every tools instrument used for minor as well as major
surgery.
2. Take care of all required surgical tools and instruments and also to carry out
different washing sterilization and proper maintenance of same
 Identification and demonstrations of working of the equipment
 Fumigation
 Clearing and disinfection of articles
o Packing of articles for sterilization
o Sterilization of equipments
 Care sterilization and lubrication of orthopedics power instruments
 Setting table for various surgeries
 Scrubbing, gloving and gowning
 Handling image intensifier, portable X Ray machine, cautery machine
types settings and uses
 Positioning for orthopedic patient and other surgeries
 Advanced table for OT, their attachment and their maintenance
 Assisting with anesthesiologist
 Observing and monitoring the patient in recovery room
 Terminal disinfection


PAPER 4:- HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT, GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF HOSPITAL
PRACTICE AND PATIENT CARE

Total number of lectures - 10
Operating hazardous compound
Chemical solvent poisons isotopes, explosives and biological strains
Pathological clinics
Ethics of the pathological clinics
Organization of a pathology lab under board of quality control
Personality development and patient relationship
Pathology report writing
Computer applications in pathological clinics
Accountancy in clinical pathology
Hospital management
Operation ethics
Social ethics
Proper handling of instruments
Lab management and use of computers in lab
Total number of lectures - 03
Lab safety, personal management, record keeping, data analysis, applications of computer in
lab, work load analysis
Finance: budgeting, operational expenses, cost accounting, justification of budget. Principles,
application and maintenance of auto analyzers, blood gas analyzers, electrolyte analyzers,
chemi luminescence


General principles of hospital practice and patient care

Total number of lectures - 07
Suggestive number of teaching hours 100 including tutorial and demonstration. 

Hospital procedure: hospital staffing and organization records relating to patients and
departmental statistic professional attitude of the technologist to patient and other members of
the staff. Medico legal aspects accidents in the department appointment organization,
minimizing waiting time out patient and follow up clinics, stock taking and stock keeping.
Care of the patient: first contact with the patients in the department management of chair and
stretcher patients and aids for this management for the unconscious patients, alimentary
hygiene in relation to patient (for example clean linen and receptacles nursing care,
temperature, pulse and respiration. Essential care of the patient who has a tracheostomy,
essential care of the patient who has a colostomy bed pans and urinals simple application of a
sterile dressing.
First Aid: aims and objectives of first aid, wounds and bleeding dressings and bandages,
pressure and splints support etc. shock insensibility, asphyxia, convulsions, resuscitation use
of suction apparatus drug relations , prophylactic measures, administration of oxygen, electric
shock burns, scalds, hemorrhage, pressure points, compression bands, fracture splints.
Bandaging dressing foreign body poisons.
Infection: bacteria, their nature and appearance, spread of infections, auto infections or cross
infections, the inflammatory process, local tissue reaction, general body reaction, ulceration
aspects and antisepsis

Principles of Asepsis, sterilization methods of sterilization use of central sterile supply dept.
care of identification of instruments, surgical dressings in common use including filaments
swabs, elementary operating theatre, procedure setting of tray and trolleys in the radiotherapy
department (for study by radiotherapy students only)
Departmental procedures: department staffing and organization records relating to patients
and departmental statistics professional attitude of the technologist to patient and other
members of the staff, medico legal aspects accidents in the department, appointments
organization minimizing waiting time, outpatient and follow up clinics stock taking and
stock keeping.
Practical:
Arrangement of anesthesia machine:
 Understanding of anesthesia cylinders, color coding, arranging different size of
cylinders, understanding of storage of cylinders
 Understanding of diameter index safety system
 Medical gas pipeline system
 Oxygen concentrators
 Anaesthesia machine safety system
 Sterilization of anesthesia machine
 Arrangement of anesthesia breathing circuits example, Magills’s, Ayer’s circuit etc.
 Filling of soda lime canisters of closed circuit
Understanding administration of gas laws:
 Simple oxygen administration devices
 Method of controlling gas flow
 Understanding flowmeters
Airway gadgets:
 Understanding of the following and their uses in anesthesia practice
 Oropharyngeal airways
 Nasopharyngeal airways
 ET Tubes
 Laryngeal mask airway
Monitoring of patients:
 Using noninvasive monitors
 Invasive monitors, above monitoring has to be done in intra operative and postoperative period
Assisting anesthesiologist during blood transfusion
Assisting in transfusion of fluids example, RL, d5% etc.
Assisting during performing general anesthesia
Attending rounds with anesthesiologist during preoperative, and post-operative rounds
Attending pain clinic

SECOND YEAR


PAPER 1:- BASIC BLOOD BANKING AND PHARMACOLOGY
BLOOD BANKING

Total number of lectures - 03
1. Introduction
A. Blood group system
B. Blood group incompatibility, ABO, Rh systems
C. Cross match test in emergency
2. Blood bank preparation
A. Blood collection procedure, care & donor selection registration medical
history, physical examination
B. Transport and storage
C. Screening and selection of donor
D. Preparation and use of whole blood and blood components washed red cells
E. Plasma preparation etc.
3. Blood grouping – ABO, RH and other system of blood groups, sub group of A,
Bombay group. Antibodies to ABO system & Anti AB and Anti D antibody
A. ABO testing slides and tube test
B. Reverse grouping discrepancies between cell and serum results sources of
error.
C. Rh grouping test and slide
D. Rapid tube test false positive and false negative results.
E. DU test system and its significance.
4. Cross matching
A. Reasons of cross match
B. Saline
C. Albumin
D. Comb’s and enzymes in testing
5. Roles formation and methods of checking this A. Comb’s test – direct and indirect, principle, explanation of procedure and
sources of error, control interpretation and clinical application.
B. Demonstration of Comb’s test direct and indirect.
6. Labeling of tubes, methodology legal implication in computable cross.
A. Auto antibodies. Plasma expanders, multiple myeloma etc. affecting a cross
match
B. Difficulties in cross match and methods of investigations
7. Quality control in blood banks.
A. Specimen collection
B. Risk assessment for AIDS and serum hepatitis.

PHARMACOLOGY

Total number of lectures - 20
Preparation and dosage of drugs relevant to anesthesia. Experiment pharmacology directed to
show the effects of commonly used drugs of relevance and interpretation of few charts
Anesthetic agents:
a) definition and classification of general anesthetics
b) Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of general anesthetics, inhaled anesthetic
agents etc.
c) Local anesthetics- classification, mechanism of action, duration and methods to
prolongation of duration of action of local anesthetics. Preparation, dose and routes of
administration, side effects and management.
d) Pharmacotherapy of Respiratory disorders:
i. Introduction- modulators of bronchial smooth muscle tone and pulmonary
vascular smooth muscle tone.
ii. Mucokinetic and mucolytic agents
iii. Use of bland aerosols in respiratory care
iv. Pharmacology of bronchial asthma
e) Drugs acting on CNS and Cardio respiratory function which influence the physical
exercise
f) Diuretics classification, mechanism of action, adverse effects and complications,
preparation, dose and routes of administration.
g) Endocrine: pharmacology, thyroid hormones, glucocorticoids, anabolic steroids,
calcitonin, insulin and oral hypoglycemic agents
h) Miscellaneous:
 IV fluids- various preparations and their usage
 newer drugs included in perfusion technology
 Drugs used in metabolic and electrolyte imbalance
 Theoretical background of the commonly used anesthetic techniques of
general and regional anesthesia:
 GA- intravenous, inhalational, endotracheal etc. using spontaneous and
controlled mode of ventilation
 RA- spinal, epidural and local
 As related to:
1. General principles concepts of pharmacokinetics and
pharmacodynamics
2. Drug interactions in anesthesiology
3. Drugs used for premedication, induction, general
anesthesia, intravenous and inhalational
4. Neuromuscular blocking drugs & for reversal of
neuromuscular block
5. Vasopressor & antihypertensive drugs
6. Antithyroid drugs
7. Anti-diabetic drugs
8. Diuretics
9. Local anesthetic drugs
10. Narcotic and non-narcotic analgesics and their antidotes
11. Drugs used for different common disease example,
Bronchial asthma, hypertension, TB, CHF etc.

BLOOD BANKING PRATICAL:

1. Blood Bank Administration
a) Record keeping
b) Computerization in blood transfusion services
c) Blood grouping ABO
d) pH typing various techniques
2. Cross matching
a) Tube test
b) Slide test
c) DU test
d) Sub grouping test

PRACTICAL PHARMACOLOGY:


 Preparation and dosage of drugs relevant to anesthesia, experimental pharmacology
directly to show the effects of commonly used drugs of relevance an interpretation of
few charts.
 Drugs used for premedication, various groups and individual drugs
 Drugs used for induction of anesthesia, iv, inhalational and regional anesthesia
teaching
 Drugs used for maintenance of anesthesia- iv and inhalational drugs
 Neuromuscular blocking drugs 1. Depolarizing 2. Non depolarizing
 Drugs used for reversal of neuromuscular blocks
 For antisialogogue and prevent/ treat bradycardia
 Vasopressor and antihypertensive drugs
 Anti-thyroid drugs
 Anti-diabetic drugs
 Diuretics
 Local anesthetics
 Narcotic and non-narcotic analgesics and their antidotes
 Drugs used for different common disease example, Bronchial asthma, hypertension,
TB, CHF etc.
Drugs
 Sedatives, hypnotics, barbiturates, morphine
 Important group of drugs
 Various iv fluids, colloids and crystalloids
 Pre anesthetics medication
 Local anesthetic agents
 Spinal anesthetic agents
 General anesthetic agents
 Demonstration and use of equipments and drugs

PAPER 2:- BASIC ANESTHESIA AND APPLIED OPERATION THEATRE
TECHNOLOGY

Total number of lectures - 10
The introduction of this subject of basics of anesthetic equipment and drugs is essential for
the operation theatre technician, as the technician must be aware anesthetic equipment as well
as drugs prescribed by the concerned physician or surgeon for the patient immediately or
after operation
I. Basics of anesthesia technology
Medical ethics and the relevant medico legal aspects
 Responsibilities and duties
 Ethical behavior and conduct
 Medico legal aspects and its relation to consumer protection act
II. Basics of medical statistics
 Common statistical terms
 Sources and presentation of data
 Measures and location – average and percentiles
 Measures of central tendency and dispersion
 Normal distribution and normal curve
 Sampling and probability
 Sampling variability and its significance
 Significance of difference in mean
 Chi square test
 Designing and methodology of an experimental study
 Representation of data as tables and drafts
 Demography of vital statistics
 Standard deviation
 P value and its significance
 Recording of data and maintenance of the records
 Biomedical waste and its management.
 Electricity and electro medical equipments and safeguards
 Basics of electricity and functioning of electro medical equipments
 Earthing and care of equipments
 Static electricity
 Fires and explosion: causes, prevention of fire and explosions, electrical hazards.
 History of anesthesia-
 Introduction, antecedents of modern anesthesia, evolution of modern anesthesia
i. Boyle’s machine and its functioning
ii. Boyle’s vaporizer
iii. Magill’s breathing circuit, Bane’s breathing circuit, pediatric anesthesia circuit
iv. Gas cylinder and flow meters
v. CO2 absorption canister
vi. Suction apparatus- foot operated, electrically operated
vii. Ambu bag, laryngoscopes, tracheal tubes
viii. Catheters, face masks, venturi masks, drugs
ix. General principles: pharmacological classification of drugs, route of drug
administration, precautions in administration, principles of drugs toxicity, prevention
and treatment of poisoning, adverse drug reactions
x. Sedatives and hypnotics
xi. Important groups of drugs, NS and other iv fluids, antimicrobial agents and
antiallergic drugs
xii. Preanesthetic medication
xiii. Local anesthetic agents
xiv. Spinal anesthetic agents
xv. General anesthetic agents
Identification and demonstration of working of equipment as per theory syllabus.
Anesthesia operating room
a) Dye allergies
b) Embolization
c) Examination for MRI
 Monitoring
 Equipment options in the MRI suite
 General anesthetics/ sedation techniques
Electroconvulsive shock therapy ECT
a) Preoperative
b) Anesthetic techniques and drug effects on seizure and drug effects on seizure duration
c) Hemodynamic responses and appropriate treatment
Cardiac catheterization
a) Preoperative evaluation of children
b) Anesthetic consideration
c) Electro physiological tests/ radiofrequency ablation and cardioversion
Trauma and resuscitation
All residents must achieve basic and advanced cardiac life support, advanced trauma support,
and pediatric life support training. They should start with the training of airway breathing
circulation (ABC) training and master the skills repeated and then procedure to advanced life
support

Applied Operation Theatre Technology

Total number of lectures - 10
Principles of Anaesthesia system *Boyle anesthetic machine) Cylinders: storage of gasses
oxygen nitrous oxide, tests of cylinders, cylinders valves, pin index system use of cylinders.
Liquid oxygen, oxygen concentrators.
Anaesthesia machine, : Pressure gauge, pressure regulator, flow meters, carbon dioxide
absorber, pressure relief valves, rebreathing bags, face mask, Boyle vaporizers : ether bottle ,
fluothane vaporizer , fluotech mark on to six, pipeline system : central pipeline system ,
advantages and hazard.
Anesthesia gadgets. : Different types of laryngoscopes and blades, endotracheal tubes:
description of plane and cuffed endotracheal tubes, (Nasal /Oral) indications, methods. Of
insertion, sterilization and complication. Other types of endotracheal tubes. Latex armored
tubes, ring, Adair and Elwyn tube, microlaryngeal tubes, endobronchial tubes etc.
Classification of breathing circuits. Explaining details about Maplesons circuit, Bain Circuit ,
Lack Circuit.
Methods of anaesthesia.
- Introduction to general anesthesia and regional anesthesia
- Stages of ether anesthesia, intravenous anesthetic agents, uses and complications
- Premedication: indication, type of drugs used for premedication, doses and side
effects
- Drugs used in anesthesia: narcotic agents, anticholinesterase drugs, vasopressor drugs,
antiarrhythmic drugs, hypotensive drugs, hypoglycemic drugs, anticoagulant drugs,
antihypertensive drugs
- Neuromuscular blocking agents used in anesthesia
Inhalational anesthetics; N2O, diethyl ether, halothane, enflurane, isoflurane, sevoflurane,
desflurane etc their indications and complications
Intraoperative management: monitoring during anesthesia by use of monitors
Monitoring during anesthesia: clinical monitoring, by use of monitor monitoring the patient
eg. Arterial blood pressure monitoring, ECG, pulse oximetry, capnography, neuromuscular 
monitoring etc. monitoring during shifting of patient OT to post op care unit. Monitoring of
patient in post op care unit, complication in post op period and acute pain management in
post op ward
Regional anesthesia: local anesthetic agents used in regional anesthesia: indications,
contraindications, dosage, complications, route of administration eg. Lignocaine, bupivacaine
etc. regional anesthesia: spinal anesthesia in all age group of patients: indications,
contraindications, commonly used local anesthetics, adjuvants. Epidural anesthesia: in all age
groups: indications, contraindication, commonly used local anesthetics, adjuvants. Caudal
anesthesia: in all age groups: indications, contraindications commonly used local anesthetics,
adjuvants. Regional blocks: brachial plexus block, popliteal block, hernia block etc.,
indication, complication
Anesthesia for common surgical procedure: GA/Regional anesthesia in surgery, orthopedics,
OBG eg. Appendicectomy, LSCS, intramedullary nailing etc. anesthesia for coexisting
diseases: hypertensive patient, ischemic heart disease, elderly patient, diabetic patient, renal
failure patients, bronchial asthma, head injury patients etc. anesthesia for special situations:
dental anesthesia, outpatient anesthesia , patients in shock, respiratory failure, cardiac
diseases, trauma and in emergency medical diseases. Complication in anesthesia: regional
and general anesthesia. Basic principles of fluid management: during shock, surgery,
accidents, and cardiac patients. Basic principles of blood transfusion and complications:
ventilators: types of ventilators, modes of ventilation, sterilization of ventilator, CPR: basic
life support, advanced cardiac life support. Intensive coronary care unit. Pain management:
acute and chronic
Practical
o Attending pre op rounds with anesthesiologists
o Attending post op rounds with anesthesiologists
o Attending pain clinic everyday along with anesthesiologists
o Attending rounds in ICU, ICCU, MICU, SICU along with anesthesiologists &
understanding ventilators and its implication and sterilization attending regular OT for
regular anesthesia cases and attending emergency cases along with anesthesiologists
o Arrangement of anesthesia trolley for GA
o Arrangement of anesthesia for regional anesthesia for e.g. epidural, brachial etc.
o Arrangement of monitors & anesthesia machine before starting any case of anesthesia
o Sterilization of anesthesia machine
o Arrangement of anesthesia breathing circuits e.g. ;Magill’s, Ayer’s circuits etc.
o Filling of soda lime canisters of close circuits
o Arrangement of simple o2 administration devices during post op ward
o Airway gadgets arrangements during anesthesia procedures like oropharyngeal
airways, nasopharyngeal airways, ETT & LMA
o Anesthesia vaporizers to be filled and make arrangements for inhalational anesthesia
with use of ether ,halothane & enflurane etc.
o Assisting anesthesiologists during Blood transfusion


PAPER 3:-APPLIED ANESTHESIA

Total number of lectures - 20
1. Regional anesthesia
2. Drugs used in regional anesthesia
3. Spinal, caudal and epidural anesthesia
4. Anesthesia for common surgical procedures
5. Anesthesia for co-existing diseases
6. Pt in shock and cardiac arrest
7. Anesthesia in special situation
8. Complication in anesthesia
9. Basic principles of blood transfusion
10. Basic principles of fluid management
11. Ventilators
12. Intensive coronary care unit
13. Pain management
14. CPR
1. Physics applied to anesthesia fundamental concept in systemic
international unit (SI unit).temp conversion, pressure measurement,
pressure gauges, regulators, gas laws, misc. concepts such as density and
specific gravity
2. Medical gases color coding of anesthetic gases, diff size of cylinders e.g.
A to E cylinders storage of cylinder diameter index safety system, medical
gas pipeline system and station outlets air compressors 02 concentrators
alarm and safety devices
3. Gas administration devices simple 02 administration devices reducing
valve flowmeters regulators
4. 02 therapy
 Definition of hypoxemia..Clinical signs goals of O2 therapy evaluation
of pt. Receiving O2 therapy hazards of O2
therapy
5. Humidification its goals and advantages
Types of humidifiers possible causes of retention of secretions in airway
And management
6. Aerosol therapy; definition , goals ,hazards, assessment, aerosol therapy in
lung disease
7. Anesthesia system; machine, Boyle’s anesthesia machine basic principles
of anesthesia machine
8. Respiratory gas analyzers(o2 and co2)
Definition, classification, uses of pulse oximeters, capnographs, and
transcutaneous oxygen monitors
9. Manual resuscitators
Types of resuscitator bags indications methods of increasing oxygen
delivery while using oxygen with resuscitation bags
10. Airways management with use of gadgets
Types and sizes of oropharyngeal airways, indications and complications
types and sizes of nasopharyngeal airways, indications, and complications
parts of airway and features and methods of insertion orotracheal
intubation: types of orotracheal tubes, indications and complication
nasotracheal intubation types of nasotracheal tubes, indications and
complication
11. Sterilization of anesthesia equipment
Cleaning of anesthesia equipment methods of autoclaving, boiling,
pasteurization, gamma radiation, chemical sterilization etc. sterilization of
syringes needles, spinal and epidural sets, airways, Magill forceps,
laryngoscope etc.
12. History of anesthesia
Prehistoric era inhalational anesthetics era regional anesthetic era
intravenous anesthetic era modern anesthetic era
13. Pre-operative preparation a. pre anesthetic assessment.
History of present illness. Past history of anaesthesia, smoking, alcohol
etc. personal history of the patient General physical examination: Vital
signs, general appearance, anemia, etc., systemic examination: Cardio
vascular system, respiratory system, per abdominal, central nervous etc.
local examination example : ulcers, swelling etc.
B. Investigations.
Hematology – complete haemogram, Urine – complete urine analysis
Biochemistry – blood glucose, urea and creatinine special investigations
related to disease of the patients Electro cardio gram chest X ray
C. Criteria used of r accepting the case for anaesthesia
D. Pre anesthetic order
E. Checking the machine, laryngoscopes, tubes, airways etc. Suction
apparatus, oxygen cylinder, anesthetic drugs and emergency drugs
14. Intra operative management.
Confirm the identity of the patient monitoring system (Harvard Medical
school standards) induction – Drugs used during induction of anaesthesia
Endotracheal intubation, confirming the tube position and securing the
tube. Maintenance of anaesthesia Fluid/ blood and electrolyte balance
reversal from anaesthesia – drugs used transferring the patient recovery
room monitoring the patient, suction apparatus, oxygen resources,
anesthetic drugs and emergency drugs for resuscitation.
15. Anaesthesia
1. Principles of pediatric anaesthesia management of neonatal surgical
emergencies, RA in infants
2. Associated medical disorders in surgical patients anaesthesia implications
and management 
3. Basics of orthopedic anaesthesia.
4. Day care anesthesia.
5. Rural anaesthesia – anaesthesia for camp surgery.
6. Anaesthesia for otorhinolaryngology with special emphasis on difficult
airway management
7. Blood and blood component therapy. Anesthetic implications in
coagulation disorders.
8. Monitored anaesthesia care.
9. Anaesthesia implication in diabetic mellitus thyroid and parathyroid
disorders. phaeochromocytoma, cushings disease etc.
10. Management of acid base disorders.
11. Principles of geriatric anaesthesia.
12. Anesthesia outside the OR and in special situation

PAPER 4:- PATIENT CARE EDUCATION

Total number of lectures - 04
 Verify the patient’s identity by asking the patient and /or by checking the wrist
band.
 Verify the radiographic procedure requested by checking the procedure
requisition form.

 Review the principles of body machines applicable to patient care.
 Demonstrate procedures for patient transfer such as table to table, table to
wheelchair, wheelchair to bed, bed to stretcher, the three man lift, and draw
sheet lift.
 Describe the procedures for turning patients who have severe trauma.
Unconsciousness, disorientation, or amputated limbs.
 Given various radiographic procedures, state the appropriate instruction to be
given to the patients.
 Given radiographic procedures using contract agents, list the appropriate
contract agent for each procedure.
 Given various radiographic procedures, discuss patient preparation in term of
procedures, indications, contraindications and symptoms of and treatment for
adverse reactions to contrast agents.
 Given various radiographic procedure and patient information, describe the
disinfection and sterilization procedure in terms of types and methods used.
 Demonstrate the procedure for scrubbing, donning gowns and gloves, removing
gowns and gloves and handling sterile instrument.
 Discuss procedure for handling and disposing of infectious wastes.
 Given a list of isolation techniques, describe the function, purpose and
procedure, describe the functions ,purpose, and procedures for each.
 Discuss the psychological consideration for the management of infectious
patients.
 Describe the vital signs used to assess patient’s condition.
 Identify normal values for measurements of temperature, pulse, blood pressure
and respiration.
 Demonstrate the clinical measurement and recording to temperature, pulse
blood pressure and respiration.
 Describe the symptoms of cardiac arrest, anaphylactic shock, convulsion,
seizure, hemorrhage, apnea, emesis, aspiration, fractures and diabetic
coma/insulin reaction.
 Describe the acute care procedures for cardiac arrest, anaphylactic shock,
convulsion, Seizure, hemorrhage, apnea, emesis, aspiration fractures and
diabetic coma /insulin reaction.
 Describe the use of medical equipment and supplies in treating medical
emergencies.
 Perform Preanaesthetic check up of patients taking detailed history, trough
.
 Physical examination, examining the reports of relevant laboratory tests.
 Categorize patients according to ASA (American society of anesthesiologist )
physical status risk grading .
 Recognize anesthetic problems in high risk patients and selet further
investigation and referral for expert opinion for dealing with specific problems.
 Advise preanaesthestic medication and preparation, including advice for
withholding food and fluids.
 Obtain patient / guardian consent for anesthesia.
 Conduct complete check for oxygen supply, other gasses supply.
 Conduct complete check for anaesthesia machine for its proper functioning,
 Including oxygen fail safe alarm/ devices, detect leaks in the flow meter 

 Assemble and anaesthesia circuits/ delivery systems, malfunctioning of
Vaporizers.
 Disconnect and reassemble correctly various anesthetic circuits.
 Ensure anesthesia ancillary equipment in good order and availability of
emergency kit /drug tray.
 Administer anesthetic and undertake complete peri operative management for
surgical procedures.
o General surgery.
o Obstetric and Gynecological Surgeries.
o Ophthalmic –Extra/ intraocular surgeries.
o Ear, Nose and throat surgeries.
o Orthopedic procedures.
o Pediatric surgery.
o Other surgical subspecialties.
 Administer anesthesia to patients for emergency surgery, recognize
perioperative complication and institute therapy
 Anticipate problems encountered during anaesthesia and undertake preventive
measures.
 Perform the following procedures related to general anesthetic .
 Independently endotracheal intubation, nasal and oral under difficult situation
e.g. Awake intubation, under local anaesthesia without the use of muscle
relaxants.
 To obtund response to laryngoscopy.
 Prevent rise in intraocular pressure/Intracranial pressure.
 Prevent hypoxia during one lung ventilation.
 Assist perform.
o Blind nasal intubation.
o Intubation with double lumen tube.
o Laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy using malleable fibreoptic laryngoscope/
Bronchoscope
 Maintain airway by using laryngeal mask airway.
 Maintain airway by using mask ventilation.
 Undertake the regional anaesthesia techniques
 Assist /Perform.
o Recognize chronic pain syndromes and manage them.
o Maintain nutrition of critically ill patients by parenteral
 nutrition
o Central venous cannulations
o Cricothyroidotomy and Jet Ventilation.
 Carry out cardiopulmonary cerebral resuscitation.
 Knowledge and understanding of sophisticated equipments and measurements.
 An emphasis on clinical applications of clinical measurement, such as
indications, practical techniques and interpretation of acquired data.
 Candidates will be expected to understand the sources of error and the
limitations of individual measurements.
 Assessment of cardiac function , including EKG and echocardiography.
 The electroencephalograph (EEG), BIS, Entropy and evoked potentials
 The electroencephalograph (EMG) and measurement of nerve conduction
 Principle and practice of in vitro blood gas measurements.

 Interpretation of biochemical data.
 Plan anesthetic management taking into account patient’s condition, surgical
requirement s and options available.
 Manage fluid and electrolyte administration in peri operative period.
 Maintain acid base balance in perioperative period.
 Understand the indications, contraindications and complications of general
anaesthesia.
 Understand the indications, contraindications and complications of
subarachnoid and epidural blocks.
 Recognize Difficult intubation situations and manage them.
 Understand special requirement of Endoscopic /Minimal invasive surgery and
meet them.
 Understand the special requirement for anaesthesia for laser surgery on the
airway.
Interpretation and errors of dynamic pressure measurements including systemic,
pulmonary arterial and venous pressures, intracranial intrathoracic.

 DISSERTATION & VIVA VOCE.


for more information please read the pdf given below . Each and Every information is given in this pdf . 

ANJU HATTI OT TECHNOLOGIST

ANJU HATTI OT TECHNOLOGIST 





and also i want to thank Anju Hatti ( ot technologist ) for providing me this pdf . 



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